Final part of paper writing
Section of results
In this section, specific data of the work and detailed analysis of the data should be fully presented.
Three moves to write results part:
- Provide preparatory information
- Describe the data in figures and tables
- Report the results based on the data
Writing requirements for results:
- any data given in this section must be meaningful
- presentation of the data should be short without verbiage and be crystal clarity
- this section should also be well-written and shouldn't be the shortest one in the paper
Useful expressions:
- The research we have done suggests an increase in…
- As a result of our experiments we concluded that…
- The direct outcome was then reported in…
- Sufficient result for… has been observed with the new method…
- This work did provide…
- Our experimental data are briefly summarized as follows…
- This fruitful work gives an explanation of…
- Figure 3 shows the results obtained from studies of…
- Table 5 presents the data provided by the experiments on…
- This table summarized the data collected during the experiment of…
- Most recent experiments to the same effect have led the authors to believe that…
Section of discussion
General functions and basic elements of this section:
- To expound the interrelations between the observed facts
- To show the relationship between the facts, including their underlying causes, effects and theoretical implications
- To explain the facts denoted by the symbols or signs of mathematics
Three moves to write a good discussion part:
- review the existing studies
consolidate the results
- report the results
- explain the meaning of the finding and why they are important
- relate the results with similar studies
- provide alternative explanations for the study
- Point out the drawbacks of the study and future research direction
Section of conclusion
General functions and basic elements of conclusion:
- sum up the whole research
- statement of conclusions (call-back with the introduction, you cannot change your conclusion but you can alternate your introduction, that's why it's recommended to write introduction at the end rather than the very beginning, otherwise you might have to change it for many times, which is very annoying)
- statement of recommendations
- graceful termination
Three moves to write a conclusion: (maybe overlap with the discussion)
- write an introductory statement
- consolidate the research space
- provide recommendations
Requirements for writing a conclusion
- Don't write something that is not included in the discussion part (no addition)
- Avoid confusing facts with opinions of influences
Useful expressions:
- Our argument proceeds in…
- On the basis of…, the following conclusion can be made…
- The research work has brought about a discovery of …
- Finally a summary is given of…
- These findings of the research have led the author to conclusion that…
- The research has resulted in a solution of…
- From…, we now conclude…
- To sum up, we have revealed…
- We have demonstrated in this paper…
- The results of the experiment indicate…
- In conclusion, the result shows…
- We have described…, we found…
Revision of paper writing
Four parts: contents, structure, argumentation, language
Special attention: Conciseness
- brief to point, employ as few words as possible
- economy of words and space but make sure the accuracy and effectiveness of expression
- no excessive words, no redundant sentences or paragraphs
- using non-finites (remove "of" in sentences), replacement of attributes, adverbs, nouns, adjectives, prepositional phrases, elliptical forms, technical forms, contracted word, deleting redundant expressions
Poster presentation
Languages with professors:
- Do: use visual aids and less formal speech, prepare answers and speck logically
- Don't: read the poster, seem unprepared
Basic rules for poster presentation: attraction, brevity, clarity, order, focus
